This link contains downloadable data for the Atlas of Rural and Small-Town America which provides statistics by broad categories of socioeconomic factors:
People: Demographic data from the American Community Survey (ACS), including age, race and ethnicity, migration and immigration, education, household size, and family composition.
Jobs: Economic data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and other sources, including information on employment trends, unemployment, and industrial composition of employment from the ACS.
County classifications: Categorical variables including the rural-urban continuum codes, economic dependence codes, persistent poverty, persistent child poverty, population loss, onshore oil/natural gas counties, and other ERS county typology codes.
Income: Data on median household income, per capita income, and poverty (including child poverty).
Veterans: Data on veterans, including service period, education, unemployment, income, and other demographic characteristics.